Essay - 751 Words

France has always been in a constant struggle to become the hegemonic power of Europe, attempting to keep its own identity, culture, and preserve its way of life while expanding to different territories, this alone has led to countless wars and skirmishes resulting in devastation over Europe including the 30 year war, 100 year war, and the Napoleonic era. After the tragedy known as World War II, an attempt to integrate France along with other European states to form a supranational government resulted in the formation of the European union. Along the way France has battled with proponents and opponents going back and forth over issues of sovereignty and unity. The goal of this paper is to analyze how compliant France has been with†¦show more content†¦France has maintained its status as key power in Western Europe because of its size, location, strong economy, membership in European organizations, strong military posture and energetic diplomacy. France generally has worked t o strengthen the global economic and political influence of the EU and its role in common European defense and collective security. France supports the development of a European Security and Defence Identity (ESDI) as the foundation of efforts to enhance security in the European Union. France cooperates closely with Germany and Spain in this endeavor. France follows in the EU’s footsteps dispensing humanitarian aid to African, Asian, and Latin American countries. However one factor that is pushing people more towards a conservative ideology is the continuous terror attacks on happening across Europe especially those happening in France. France has followed the EU’s generally liberal immigration policy, allowing massive volumes of high skilled immigrants to live in EU member nations while also allowing many war torn refugees to seek asylum here. France has take over 250,000 permanent immigrants and roughly 70,000 asylum seekers in 2015. This has fueled the paranoia and fear that many French citizens have, as over 30Show MoreRelatedWhat Is an Essay?1440 Words   |  6 PagesBuscemi Essay #3 Rough Draft An essay is a creative written piece in which the author uses different styles such as diction, tone, pathos, ethos or logos to communicate a message to the reader using either a personal experience, filled with morals and parables, or a informative text filled with educational terms. Educational terms could mean the usage of complicated and elevated words or simply information you would get in schools. Some authors, such as Cynthia Ozick, claim that an essay has noRead Morenarrative essay1321 Words   |  6 PagesNarrative Essay A Brief Guide to Writing Narrative Essays Narrative writing tells a story. In essays the narrative writing could also be considered reflection or an exploration of the author s values told as a story. The author may remember his or her past, or a memorable person or event from that past, or even observe the present. When you re writing a narrative essay, loosen up. After all, you re basically just telling a story to someone, something you probably do every day in casual conversationRead MoreApplication Essay : A Process Essay770 Words   |  4 Pagesassign an essay. The entire class lets out a groan that could be heard from miles away, however this doesn’t phase your professor. The essay is assigned: a process essay. Now what? What is a process essay? How do you go about writing one? How do you get the A you so desperately need? This paper will discuss everything one needs to know in order to write the perfect process essay such as the definition of a process essay, how to construct it, and how to use proper transitions to make the essay flow. Read MoreEssay763 Words   |  4 PagesCan’t be Built on Soccer Fever† and â€Å"Na Na Na Na, Hey Hey, Goodbye† In Jonathan Zimmerman’s essay â€Å"African National Identities Can’t Be Built on Soccer Fever† he describes how soccer brings the people of Africa together. He talks about the unity of Africans and how much soccer is a part of their lives. He also describes the underlying reason of why soccer is so heavily pushed. The perspective in the essay â€Å"Na Na Na Na, Hey Hey, Goodbye† Tim Bowling discusses his passion for hockey and his hate forRead MoreThe Colonel Essay1320 Words   |  6 PagesIn the essay, The Colonel, Michael Hogan illustrates the importance of the influential sport of tennis. Hogan writes about how tennis changed his life from an early age. When he was younger he saw tennis as a rich mans sport in which he had no interest. One of his much-respected neighbors, the colonel, approached Hogan’s father with the idea that his son might like to learn how to play tennis. After pondering the thought with his father, Hogan decided to take t he offer. The Colonel became his mentorRead MorePersuasive Essays : Persuasive Essay897 Words   |  4 Pagesbegan this class, I loved to write persuasive essays. I loved to write about my own opinions and I was quite good at convincing people to agree with my stand points. To convince others to agree on my point of view was an extraordinary feeling. I am very good at getting my point across and giving my reasons on why I feel the way I do about a certain situation. I loved writing persuasive essays because I love to read them as well. I love how persuasive essays have a call-to-action; giving the readers aRead MoreEnglish Composition One: To Be an Essay or Not to Be an Essay That Is the Question910 Words   |  4 Pages In the past, the mention to have to write a paper for an assignment caused me to break out in a sweat or my mouth instantly dries, well it does not have that kind of effect on me anymore. The key to successfully completing the essay on time is getting to researc h the topic at hand as soon as possible or before the process of writing begins. The next step for me would be to find the argument and take a side. Moreover, picking a thesis statement through brainstorming the information I gathered forRead More Flight Essay834 Words   |  4 Pages Essay on quot;Flightquot; amp;#9;It is always hard to get separated from someone you love and with whom you have shared every moment of his life until he decides to walk on a different path than yours. You dont know how to react and confusion dominates your mind. Should you be angry at him for leaving you, or should you support and respect his decision ? In her essay quot;Flight,quot; Doris Lessing illustrates the story of an old man who is learning to let go his granddaughter as she growsRead MoreEssay and Academic Life1117 Words   |  5 Pageslanguage learner? Discuss two or three problems with specific examples and details. Ex. 9 Analyzing students’ essays. Use the assignment and the Student Essays to answer the following questions. Assignment: Computers have become an important part of educational process. Write convincing illustration to this statement. Use specific and convincing examples and details. Student Essay 1 Computer as a multipurpose universal instrument of education. In our days computers have become an importantRead More Community Essay843 Words   |  4 Pagesan important effect on the shaping of a person’s character is key in both Pythia Peay’s essay, â€Å"Soul Searching† and Winona LaDuke’s interview transcribed in essay form entitled, â€Å"Reclaiming Culture and the Land: Motherhood and the Politics of Sustaining Community†. The two authors present ideas, similar and different, of what it means to live in and be a part of community. Through examining these two essays, summarizing and synthesizing, we can gain a better understanding of what community is and Essay - 751 Words Once upon a time there was a husband and his wife living happily ever after in their small community with their daughter. It seemed everything was perfect inside the 4 walls of their humble home. The little girl would play with her toys while her parents talked and laughed. Everything was perfect. Then the election was coming up with candidates and debates. Soon the candidate became the president and soon the community became unwelcoming. The president seemed to have made it seem that what he was saying was okay or should be the normal. The community stopped speaking openly afraid of the judgement of others. The wife on the other hand wanted to keep the girl from what was happening around her and told her stories instead of princesses and†¦show more content†¦She began spreading word about positivity and helped build the kingdom she had dreamed of. It was full of peace and positivity where people were not judged over what they cannot control. The wife went outside her community and held rallies for womens rights once again speaking of how they deserved a safe place to walk where they don’t need to be trapped behind a wall of fear. She spoke of how she didnt want her daughter thinking she did not have a say in the community she is forced to live in. The riots still continued despite the message she was trying to portray in her speeches. She decided that she should continue shielding her daughter until it stops. She spoke to her friends and neighbors for advice. â€Å"Homeschool the girl.† â€Å"keep an eye on her.† Later she withdrew her daughter and homeschooled her. â€Å"Don’t let her out it isn’t safe,† they said. The wife wanted to shield her so much she begged her husband for protection. In response he built her a white picket fence that no one could climb over. She planted roses alongside the fence like in the story so no one could climb over or walk around. She tended them and watered them so theyd grow tall. She made sure the house was secure so that no one could come in without them knowing. Her daughter didn’t know about what was happening outside the fences. The wife and husband no longer spoke about it around her. The house became strict and cold. One day in the coldShow MoreRelatedWhat Is an Essay?1440 Words   |  6 PagesBuscemi Essay #3 Rough Draft An essay is a creative written piece in which the author uses different styles such as diction, tone, pathos, ethos or logos to communicate a message to the reader using either a personal experience, filled with morals and parables, or a informative text filled with educational terms. Educational terms could mean the usage of complicated and elevated words or simply information you would get in schools. Some authors, such as Cynthia Ozick, claim that an essay has noRead Morenarrative essay1321 Words   |  6 PagesNarrative Essay A Brief Guide to Writing Narrative Essays Narrative writing tells a story. In essays the narrative writing could also be considered reflection or an exploration of the author s values told as a story. The author may remember his or her past, or a memorable person or event from that past, or even observe the present. When you re writing a narrative essay, loosen up. After all, you re basically just telling a story to someone, something you probably do every day in casual conversationRead MoreApplication Essay : A Process Essay770 Words   |  4 Pagesassign an essay. The entire class lets out a groan that could be heard from miles away, however this doesn’t phase your professor. The essay is assigned: a process essay. Now what? What is a process essay? How do you go about writing one? How do you get the A you so desperately need? This paper will discuss everything one needs to know in order to write the perfect process essay such as the definition of a process essay, how to construct it, and how to use proper transitions to make the essay flow. Read MoreEssay763 Words   |  4 PagesCan’t be Built on Soccer Fever† and â€Å"Na Na Na Na, Hey Hey, Goodbye† In Jonathan Zimmerman’s essay â€Å"African National Identities Can’t Be Built on Soccer Fever† he describes how soccer brings the people of Africa together. He talks about the unity of Africans and how much soccer is a part of their lives. He also describes the underlying reason of why soccer is so heavily pushed. The perspective in the essay â€Å"Na Na Na Na, Hey Hey, Goodbye† Tim Bowling discusses his passion for hockey and his hate forRead MoreThe Colonel Essay1320 Words   |  6 PagesIn the essay, The Colonel, Michael Hogan illustrates the importance of the influential sport of tennis. Hogan writes about how tennis changed his life from an early age. When he was younger he saw tennis as a rich mans sport in which he had no interest. One of his much-respected neighbors, the colonel, approached Hogan’s father with the idea that his son might like to learn how to play tennis. After pondering the thought with his father, Hogan decided to take t he offer. The Colonel became his mentorRead MorePersuasive Essays : Persuasive Essay897 Words   |  4 Pagesbegan this class, I loved to write persuasive essays. I loved to write about my own opinions and I was quite good at convincing people to agree with my stand points. To convince others to agree on my point of view was an extraordinary feeling. I am very good at getting my point across and giving my reasons on why I feel the way I do about a certain situation. I loved writing persuasive essays because I love to read them as well. I love how persuasive essays have a call-to-action; giving the readers aRead MoreEnglish Composition One: To Be an Essay or Not to Be an Essay That Is the Question910 Words   |  4 Pages In the past, the mention to have to write a paper for an assignment caused me to break out in a sweat or my mouth instantly dries, well it does not have that kind of effect on me anymore. The key to successfully completing the essay on time is getting to researc h the topic at hand as soon as possible or before the process of writing begins. The next step for me would be to find the argument and take a side. Moreover, picking a thesis statement through brainstorming the information I gathered forRead More Flight Essay834 Words   |  4 Pages Essay on quot;Flightquot; amp;#9;It is always hard to get separated from someone you love and with whom you have shared every moment of his life until he decides to walk on a different path than yours. You dont know how to react and confusion dominates your mind. Should you be angry at him for leaving you, or should you support and respect his decision ? In her essay quot;Flight,quot; Doris Lessing illustrates the story of an old man who is learning to let go his granddaughter as she growsRead MoreEssay and Academic Life1117 Words   |  5 Pageslanguage learner? Discuss two or three problems with specific examples and details. Ex. 9 Analyzing students’ essays. Use the assignment and the Student Essays to answer the following questions. Assignment: Computers have become an important part of educational process. Write convincing illustration to this statement. Use specific and convincing examples and details. Student Essay 1 Computer as a multipurpose universal instrument of education. In our days computers have become an importantRead More Community Essay843 Words   |  4 Pagesan important effect on the shaping of a person’s character is key in both Pythia Peay’s essay, â€Å"Soul Searching† and Winona LaDuke’s interview transcribed in essay form entitled, â€Å"Reclaiming Culture and the Land: Motherhood and the Politics of Sustaining Community†. The two authors present ideas, similar and different, of what it means to live in and be a part of community. Through examining these two essays, summarizing and synthesizing, we can gain a better understanding of what community is and

A Brief Note On The State Of New Jersey - 1466 Words

Geography Israel, a country slightly smaller than the U.S. state of New Jersey, is located in the Middle East. It borders the Mediterranean Sea for a length of 168 miles. In the south and southwest, it borders the Gulf of Aqaba and the Sinai Peninsula. Israel occupied the Sinai Peninsula during the war of June 1967 and returned it to Egypt in April 1982. To the east, it shares a 147-mile borderline with the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and 189 miles with the Palestinian Autonomous Area on the western shore of the Jordan River. In the north, Israel shares 49 miles of borders with Lebanon, and with Syria for 47 miles on the disputed Golan Heights. Current History 2,000 years after the destruction of Israel by the Romans, Israel was created by ratification by the United Nations and the formation was broadcasted via television on May 14, 1948. Despite the fact that the nation is youthful, it has been tormented with war and catastrophe since its creation. On the day of its creation, it was attacked by multiple Arab countries vowing to destroy the country before it could form. Israel with its newly formed army was able to successfully repel the attack of several Arab countries working together from multiple fronts and hold them off. In 1956, Israel demonstrated the quality and equipped constrained when it chose to act to shield itself from the Palestinian guerrilla attacks from Egypt and to attempt to evacuate an Egyptian barricade of their port at Eilat. A peace treaty wasShow MoreRelatedEssay about Biography of President Thomas Jefferson1502 Words   |  7 PagesThomas Jefferson, the third president of the United States is one of the more lauded, revered, criticized, and respected presidents of all time. In fact, he’s better to be seen as two people: a quiet and secluded philosopher, and an informal, public and loud president; it just so happens that these conflicting personalities found their home inside of Thomas Jefferson. This paper shall cover how come these personalities came into conflict so often, by examining his philosophies, the actions he tookRead MoreWilliam Sumner and Sociology1103 Words   |  4 Pagesgive a brief background from his birth, to his education, and end with his profession or career. His many contributions to further the field of sociology will be discussed; such as his theories, teachings, and books. The paper will also mention his major influence as well as those he influenced. His interests and pastimes will also be included. â€Æ' Introduction William Graham Sumner was an American historian, economists, political theorist, sociologist, and anthropologist, from New Jersey. SumnerRead MoreEssay about The Articles of Confederation1113 Words   |  5 Pages Following the Revolutionary War, the new American Government was set up under the Articles of Confederation. The Articles of Confederation did not give the federal government enough authority to be effective. So in 1787 delegates from all the states attended a meeting known as the Constitutional Convention. Among those attending were James Madison, representing Virginia, William Paterson, representing New Jersey, and Roger Sherman, representing Connecticut. TheseRead MoreDoes Business Have Any Social Responsibility?1538 Words   |  7 Pagesconsumers like that they care about the little guys. They aren’t afraid to stand out. In numerous occasions, Ben Jerry’s have created a new flavor available for a limited time and given all the proceeds to charities. Before the 19th century, charters were issued to public stock corporations that promised benefits such as exploration and colonization in the new world (Hood, 1998). These public corporations had stockholders, but their main focus was not to line the pockets of their stockholdersRead MoreStephen Robbins And Timothy Judge Define Job Satisfaction Essay799 Words   |  4 PagesManagers would be best served taking an inventory of both older and newer models of motivational concepts. Some of these concepts, such as Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, are outdated but offer invaluable insight. After an examination of these models we note that intrinsic rewards rather than extrinsic ones motivate employees more (Fischer, 2012). In my personal experience, I have noted the above to be true. I have been, and am, more satisfied with jobs that offer a high level of autonomy and those whichRead MoreWho Is Thomas Jefferson?993 Words   |  4 Pages Who is Thomas Jefferson? Matthew Backlin United States History 1 A CP October 18, 2015 Who was Thomas Jefferson? Most people just think of him as the man who wrote the Declaration of Independence or just one of our many presidents. That’s not the case. Jefferson was more than that, He was a very intelligent man and a loving father and grandfather. Thomas Jefferson was also an inventor and one of the most significant men in the history of makingRead MoreMarbury V. Madison, 1803881 Words   |  4 PagesKyle Kesler Mr. Lewis APUSH: 1 27 October 2015 Case Briefs Marbury v Madison, 1803 John Adams, on the last day of his term, appointed forty-two justices of the peace and sixteen new circuit court justices under the Organic Act, which was an attempt by the Federalists to take over the judicial branch before Thomas Jefferson took the office. The commissions were not delivered before the end of Adam’s term, so Thomas Jefferson claimed they were invalid and did not honor them. William Marbury was oneRead MoreWilliam Patterson2283 Words   |  10 Pagesalmost 2 years of age, his family emigrated to America, disembarking at New Castle, DE. While the father traveled about the country, apparently selling tinware, the family lived in New London, other places in Connecticut, and in Trenton, NJ. In 1750 he settled in Princeton, NJ. There, he became a merchant and manufacturer of tin goods. His prosperity enabled William to attend local private schools and the College of New Jersey (later Princeton). He took a B.A. in 1763 and an M.A. 3 years later. MeantimeRead MoreCultural Clinical Project : Life Events Of The Peruvians1687 Words   |  7 Pagescultural and social experiences of the Peruvian people in the United States. As the 11th-largest from the total Hispanic population in the United States, Peruvians warrant a cultural investigation (Ennis et al., 2011). Hispanic communities are increasing and their social differences are vast. One cannot consider cultural competence without surveying the multiple populations within the large Hispanic population in the United States. â€Æ' Cultural Clinical Project: Life Events of the Peruvians IntroductionRead MoreThe Development of Counseling and Psychotherapy1862 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction It is important to note from the onset that though the development of theories relating to counseling and psychotherapy was still taking place at the beginning of the 20th century, it is believed that the foundation for the same was laid long before this period. In that regard, Sigmund Freuds contribution to the counseling and psychotherapy field cannot be overstated especially when it comes to the study of the human mind. In this text, I concern myself with counseling and psychotherapy

Economics Infrastructure Globalized World -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Economics Infrastructure Globalized World? Answer: Introduction The considerable growth in Australian businesses has invited many countries to conduct business with the help of greater innovation and infrastructure. In current scenario, it has been observed that the Australians are enjoying access to the commendable infrastructure services that are fruitful in enhancing the quality of life. However, due to the frequent changes in the country, it is expected that the business practices and the infrastructure would also transform drastically in next 15 years. Moreover, as opined by Wiewiora, Keast and Brown (2016), the current advancements in the cities are also influencing the business organizations to develop greater infrastructure for the future prospects. The study would thus present the concerns regarding the necessity of developing infrastructure in cities. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the infrastructure on shaping the economy and social aspects would also be discussed. In addition to this, the important issues would also be identified i n Sydney for the city planning in the future. Discussion Over the years, the transformation in the business technicalities is shaping up the future of the countries. Urbanization is a common term that provides the insights regarding the current developments in the city planning with the help of world class infrastructure and advanced technologies. Australia is one of those developed countries that have been using the innovative and greater infrastructure to facilitate the innovative city planning. Recognizing the growing rate of the population in Australia, it is expected that the population would grow over almost 30 million by the year of 2031. It is notable that the growth in the population rate helps in increasing the economic values. According to Love et al., (2015), the growth in the population provides the opportunity to get access to the greater domestic market, facilitate the development of innovative ideas, and increase the size of the workforce. However, on the contrary, it is even increasing the demands of the stakeholders in a larger scale. It has been placing the additional demands on regions and cities. The economic structure and the innovative urbanization in Australia are quite opportune for the business markets. The multinational corporations require the effective technologies, greater infrastructure, and adequate resources for shaping up the social and economic structure. Henckel and McKibbin (2017) suggested that economic development and urbanization are closely intertwined. The business marketers are now looking forward to expand their business in other countries to increase the revenues for business. They usually select the countries with higher economic and social impacts. Building the infrastructure is quite beneficial for the businesses to develop the innovative practices with the help of the advanced technological equipment. In fact, currently, government is also concentrating on developing the infrastructure to invite the other countries for establishing business entities. The increasing rat e of the foreign revenues, import and export development, and growth in the trade businesses would contribute to the increasing rate of the economic structure. According to Maghsoudi, Duffield and Wilson (2016) infrastructure is conceptualized as the physical framework of involved facilities through which the services and products are delivered to the potential customers. The linking of the infrastructure with the economic and social aspects is quite complex and dynamic. It has been observed that it affects the consumptions and production of the goods and services directly and creates both the positive and negative spillover effects. Goldthau (2014) argued that a larger expenditure inflow is involved with the infrastructure building and creates the impacts on the business practices. It can be interpreted the economic growth depends on the helpful infrastructure facilities, especially for the foreign business marketers. For example, in Australia, the emergence of the urbanization and development of the remarkable infrastructure facilities attract the foreign business marketers. On the other hand, the growing population in Australia is contri buting to the economic and social growth by developing the business industries in a commendable way. More innovative infrastructure helps in transforming the business technicalities as the business marketers are prone to utilize the innovative methods (Wiewiora, Keast Brown, 2016). The infrastructure planning in Australia suggests that the business industries are focusing on facilitating a comprehensive package for reforming the process of investments, delivery, and utilization of the nations infrastructure. The reformation in the legislative policies is much helpful in shaping the economic and social structure through the infrastructure development. This infrastructure plan in Australia has been developed through a collaborative research and consultation process of 18 months. The Australian Infrastructure Audit is nations first comprehensive examination of infrastructure across the telecommunications, transport, energy, and water sectors (Infrastructureaustralia.gov.au. 2016). The audit report identifies that the economic growth of turning capital and labor inputs into outputs has considerably slowed down. The development of the more efficient infrastructure can contribute to the betterment of this trend. Therefore, it is quite recognizable that the infrastructure shapes up the future of the nation both economically and socially. In past few decades, the structural changes are found in the Australian economy. The growing competitive landscape and globalized labor market caused shifts in the workforce and developed the demands for the mineral resources. The development of the infrastructure requires adequate supports and resources. The government needs to take the hands-on approach to lead the reform process. The dynamic culture and highly educated workforce are suitable enough for organizing the innovative business functionalities. However, the lack of appropriate policy reform incentives is the considerable challenges in building the necessary infrastructure. The major challenges are found in shaping up the productivity parameter that requires adequate resources, incentive structure, and structured delivery model. The traffic issue in Sydney is also quite a considerable factor for the infrastructure planning that may pose challenges for the nation. Maghsoudi, Duffield and Wilson (2016) implied that Australia has been facing the environmental issues in current scenario that may prevent from building the infrastructure for the business industries. The greater risks with the extreme climate changing are becoming much apparent. management, the country has been experiencing the slower growth in the economy due to the lack of more innovative infrastructures that are yet to build up. In fact, the growing congestion in the modern cities is also quite challenging for the better management of the system (Infrastructureaustralia.gov.au. 2016). It is essential for the business to pay attention towards community development, which helps in addressing the social issues. In spite of the benefits derived from the population growth, which indirectly give rise to the domestic market, it creates the considerable issues for the country. The audit report highlights that the demands for the infrastructure involved with urban transport are projected to increase in a significant manner. It is assumed that the cost of the congestion on cities could rise to more than even $50 billion per year by the year of 2031 without any action (Infrastructureaustralia.gov.au. 2016). Moreover, it also provides the information about the exceeded capacity of the key urban roads and rail corridors, which can pose more challenges in upcoming years. The growth of the national land freight can be expected almost 86% between the years of 2011 to 2031 (Wiewiora, Keast Brown, 2016). It is noticeable that the quality of the Australian telecommunication services across the nation is mixed. The lack of proper improvement in the service networking quality could be the reason for the downfall in the social and economic context. The challenges are quite recognizable in the context of infrastructure building in Sydney. It is thus recommended to the g overnment to undertake the additional initiatives for structuring the reformation planning, which would benefit the business marketers to develop the advanced infrastructure for welcoming more innovations. Conclusion The study develops the insightful ideas about the necessity of developing the larger infrastructure. It has been observed that the growing economy and dynamic workforce is subjected to develop more innovation in Australian businesses. The multinational corporations require the effective technologies, greater infrastructure, and adequate resources for shaping up the social and economic structure. These innovative approaches are attracting foreign business marketers as well to establish their business entity. Australia is one of those developed countries that have been using the innovative and greater infrastructure to facilitate the innovative city planning. The development of the advanced technologies and business practices has given rise to the better infrastructure planning that contributes to the economic development of the nation. The infrastructure planning in Australia suggests that the business industries are focusing on facilitating a comprehensive package for reforming the p rocess of investments, delivery, and utilization of the nations infrastructure. However, the lack of adequate support, the growing population and congestion, climate changes, and slower growth in the economic structure can pose greater challenges in building the infrastructure in Sydney. The dynamic culture and highly educated workforce are suitable enough for organizing the innovative business functionalities. However, the lack of appropriate policy reform incentives is the considerable challenges in building the necessary infrastructure. Hence, the government needs to take the hands-on approach to lead the reform process and help in shaping up the economic values with the help of infrastructure facilities. References Goldthau, A. (2014). Rethinking the governance of energy infrastructure: Scale, decentralization and psychology.Energy Research Social Science,1, 134-140. Henckel, T., McKibbin, W. J. (2017). The economics of infrastructure in a globalized world: issues, lessons and future challenges.Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development,1(2), 254-272. Infrastructureaustralia.gov.au. (2016).Australian Infrastructure Plan: Priorities and reforms for our nations future [online] Available at: https://infrastructureaustralia.gov.au/policy-publications/publications/files/Australian_Infrastructure_Plan.pdf [Accessed 29 Jan. 2018]. Love, P. E., Smith, J., Simpson, I., Regan, M., Olatunji, O. (2015). Understanding the landscape of overruns in transport infrastructure projects.Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design,42(3), 490-509. Maghsoudi, S., Duffield, C., Wilson, D. (2016). Innovation in infrastructure projects: an Australian perspective.International Journal of Innovation Science,8(2), 113-132. Wiewiora, A., Keast, R., Brown, K. (2016). operations and challenges in engaging citizens in the co-production of infrastructure-based public services in Australia.Public Management Review,18(4), 483-507.

Kant Essays - Social Philosophy, Kantianism, Deontological Ethics

Kant Kant starts off making two distinctions regarding kinds of knowledge, empirical/rational and formal/material. Empirical or experience-based knowledge is compared with rational knowledge, which is independent of experience. This distinction between empirical and rational knowledge rests on a difference in sources of evidence used to support the two different kinds of knowledge. Formal is compared with material knowledge. Formal knowledge has no specific subject matter; it is about the general format of thinking about any subject matter whatsoever. Material knowledge is of a specific subject matter, either nature or freedom. Rational knowledge is metaphysics, of which there are two branches, the metaphysics of nature and of morals. The metaphysics of nature is supposed to provide rational knowledge of the laws of nature. These are not empirical laws; they are more like universal principles of nature that any empirical physical would presuppose, such as that no event in nature occurs without a natural cause. The metaphysics of freedom is supposed to provide knowledge of the laws of freedom. These are the universal rules, which free agents form to govern them. Therefore, Kant's grounding, his initial attempt at a critique of rational reason, is an investigation of the possibility of purely rational knowledge of morals. Take, for example, the Moral Rule: Thou shall not lie. If the moral law is valid as the basis of moral obligation or duty, then it must be necessary. Kant using the word necessity means that the rule obligates or binds whatever the conditions or in all circumstances. It also means that the rule applies to all rational beings and not only to human beings. In this second sense we can say that the rule is universally binding. So in fact, moral rules are universal and necessary. If a moral rule is to be universal and necessary, the moral law must be derived from concepts of pure reason alone. Therefore, if a moral rule or law can only be derived from reason alone, there must be a pure moral philosophy whose task is to provide such a derivation. According to Kant good will and only a good will is intrinsically good. Kant distinguishes two different types of intrinsic or extrinsic goods. If a thing is only extrinsically good, then it is possible for that thing not to be good, or to be bad or evil. Intrinsic goodness is goodness in itself; if a thing is intrinsically good, its goodness is essential to it; and its goodness is not a function of factors other than itself. Kant holds that only a good will, not happiness, is intrinsically good. The idea that it is reason rather than natural impulse that guides action for the sake of happiness is false. Parts of a person perform their functions by surviving and this provides happiness for the person. Reason functions poorly in serving that purpose; instinct does better job. Natural instinct rather than reason provides better for happiness. Kant distinguishes between having a reason to act and acting for a reason. The motivating reason is the reason for which agent acts. A justifying reason is the reason that justifies, warrants, and provides the criterion of rightness for the action. The agent's motivating reason might or might not provide a justifying reason for his action. Kant then defines three types of motivating reasons. One type of non-moral motivation is natural motivation. Action in accord with duty is motivated by immediate or direct inclination. Direct inclination includes such motives as love, sympathy, instinct for self-preservation, or the desire for happiness. The other type of non-moral motivation is prudence. An action in agreement with duty, but motivated by prudence, is action motivated by the pursuit of self-interest or happiness. Since all human beings naturally desire happiness, prudential motivation is indirectly motivated by a natural motivation. Moral motivation is the third type of motivation. The action is not only in agreement with duty, but motivated by duty, done from duty, or for sake of duty. The agent's motivating reason, the reason for which he acts, is that the action is what morality demands and he wants above all to do what reason demands.

The Death Penalty in the US Criminal Justice System

The Death Penalty in the US Criminal Justice System Introduction The death penalty has been a largely debated form of punishment in the U.S. since its inception. The law supporting this unkind and unfair sentence was thus, put under scrutiny and consequently several death sentences were either overturned or could only be carried out on proportionate grounds by the supreme courts heralding a new era in the criminal justice system of the US.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Death Penalty in the US Criminal Justice System specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The legal arguments for this decision made by the higher courts were cited in line with the 8th amendment that called for the exclusive considerations on several factors that mainly touched on racial disparities, age of a convict, proper evidence that can incriminate the accused persons, respective human rights action plans against such people, satisfactory judgment delivered either by unanimous decision or a majority of votes by the judges and so on (Burns 1). Age The Supreme Court made a decision based on the 8th amendment to relook into criminal cases viewed as cruel or unusual, and instead provided an alternative favorable form of punishment. Most death sentences were slashed down to life imprisonment, leaving only deserved cases as death sentences. For instance, some states were forced to repackage their judicial laws after realizing that the judgment commonly delivered never materialized particularly when the cases involved were referred back to the supreme courts, which in turn, after careful hearing, overturned the rulings in favor of the accused. This occurred in cases that were considered to lack the 8th amendment thresholds for the death penalty. These circumstances made several states to re of such ruling involving a minor was a criminal case for Christopher Simmons who was sentenced to death but later overruled; Case, Roper v Simmons. Another example of such case in which the age of a convict was contested involved a 15 year old at the time of committing the crime. William Thompson was sentenced to death after being convicted of murder. Due to this, the Supreme Court overturned the decision of an Oklahoma court by explaining that the execution of the minor violated the eighth amendment statute. The case here is, Thompson v. Oklahoma. Racial disparities Another main issue surrounding the death penalty is the racial inequality that has been historically characteristic with handing of the penalty in the U.S. For instance, consider a case involving an African American who was convicted of two counts of robbery plus one count of murder. After convictions in county courts and subsequently condemned to death, his plea was heard whereby the Supreme Court ruling overturned the death penalty imposed. The final ruling stated that the majority should not dictate matters of humanity since it is unconstitutional. For example, it was viewed that those accused of killing whit e people could easily be handed the death sentence compared to murderers for black persons. After much consideration and scrutiny of the penalty, the courts offered a platform for the voiceless like the accused person in question.i.e case, McCleskey v kemp. Mental state of the convict Mental instability in most people is believed to have unnatural rage subconscious to a person’s mind. It is for this reason that informed the Supreme Court to offer a reprieve on death penalty for mentally retarded persons who commit a criminal offence. As a result of this, the death sentence was found to be unconstitutionally excessive thereby restricting the state’s power to deliver death penalty as a form of punishment on similar cases under the same state of mind. For instance, Daryl Atkins was convicted of murder even though his IQ score was 59 hence; the Supreme Court reversed the earlier ruling which did not evaluate his condition as that of mild mental condition; Case, Atkins v. V irginia (Jacobs 1). Proper evidence of aggravating circumstances Proper reasons were to be evaluated so as to be used against a convict. For instance, in order to incriminate a person, the Supreme Court made a decision to provide a clear distinction on where imposition of death can be allowed. It was unanimously passed that there could be circumstances when the evidence produced could exempt on the death penalty for non-murder offenses like rape except for crimes comparable to treason.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Death Penalty in the US Criminal Justice System specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This was seen during the trial for Antonym Coker who escaped from custody but got re-arrested and condemned to death penalty for rape. The Supreme Court in turn overturned the first sentence arguing that it was too harsh on the ground that most rape cases may not involve murder. Another similar case in which a sentence by the lower court was annulled by that of the Supreme Court took place in Lousiana.The criminal case involved Patrick Kennedy accused of raping his 8 year old step daughter. The Supreme Court then scrutinized his case after a successful appeal against a capital punishment handed earlier. The argument of the higher court then concluded that imposing the death penalty against the convict was against the 8th amendment and therefore unconstitutional because the crime neither resulted nor was intended to terminate the innocent life of his victim (Radelet Akers 1). Therefore, the ruling decided that the accused should instead be sent to life imprisonment; Case, Kennedy v. Louisiana. Method of delivering the death sentence In cases where the method used to administer the death penalty is considered cruel and painful, the Supreme Court could then deliberate on a particular ruling by a junior state court. This was observed during the sentencing of Ralph Baze who was convicted for murder an d sure enough condemned to death by a Kentucky state court by lethal injection and instead appealed against the ruling, only for the sentence to be re-affirmed by the Supreme Court since the method for its application was considered safe after all. The same scenario was also witnessed during the trial of Jimmy L. Glass who was sentenced to death according to the legal argument of Louisiana court by electrocution. Through his lawyers, he argued that the application and the intensity when passing the death sentence through electrocution can cause serious injuries and pain and therefore do not meet the humane standards as required by the constitution (White 1). The final judgment by the Supreme Court thus dismissed the petition thereby allowing the lower court’s ruling to go ahead; Case, Jimmy L. Glass v.Lousiana. Improper judgment Pending cases provided relevant provisions to re-appeal the death sentence if the trial is perceived to be as a result of discretion of a judge deter mining the outcome of a case almost single handedly. Take for example, the trial of Timothy Ring, a convict of first degree murder and sentenced to life imprisonment only for a state judge to step-up the penalty to another sentence by death. Consequently though, the Supreme Court reversed the decision citing that statutory maximum sentence should be put before a jury panel since the judge was found to have acted improperly without a sitting legal bench who could have delivered a unanimous decision; Case, Ring v. Arizona.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Special procedure for capital penalty It was realized that rulings could impose the death penalty by ignoring the nature or circumstance preceding a crime. Therefore, it was required that a jury must be able to cite a possible statutory aggravating legal requirement before delivering any formal penalty by death. Such a case where the judgment was allowed to stand as it was involved Troy Leon who was convicted for robbery and murder for which he was handed over death sentence (Head 1). On challenging his trial, the Supreme Court rejected his plea and instead maintained the earlier verdict by dismissing the robbery factor since the statutory system was not found to violate the constitutional statutes; Case, Gregg v. Georgia. The legislative judgments of some states Several courts in some states decided to respond to the modification of the death penalty especially for murder committed in relation to a felony. Such states that rejected the death penalty arising from committing a felony therefore illegalized the practice hence the Supreme Court found it as an appropriate way by providing more options for fair trial. This was arrived at after establishing the fact that, the death penalty usually imposed may be too harsh for a convict who did not participate in a murder or intended to carry out such heinous act. A case of study featured Enmund in which the death penalty was outlawed when determining the ultimate ruling by the supreme judges since they decided that it could not be imposed under circumstances of felony; Case, Enmund v. Florida. Contrary to the above case where a reprieve was provided by the Supreme Court, in Tison’s case, several state supreme courts amended their interpretation of the death penalty during such a case involving a felony by allowing capital punishment to take precedence in such future cases (White 1). This particular case was determined by analyzing noticeable circumstances of felony during the murder. The death penalty verdict was thus delivered since inquiries revealed passion and recklessness; Case, Tison v. Arizona. Conclusion From the above discussion, it is apparent that the suitability of imposing a death is questionable. From a number of precedents set on the death penalty, it is apparent that giving a life imprisonment instead of a death penalty will be more humane than a death penalty in permissible situations. All in all, a death penalty should be avoided as much as possible. Burns, Kari. â€Å"Punishment: Death penalty†. 2011. Web. Head, Tom. â€Å"The Eighth Amendment†. 2011-May 6. Web. Jacobs, Nancy. â€Å"Death Penalty Essay†. 2011. Web. Radelet, M Akers, R. Deterrence and the Death Penalty? The Views of the Experts, (1995) White, Debora. â€Å"Pros and cons of the death penalty†. 2011. Web.

Classic Hollywood on Any Given Sunday Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Classic Hollywood on Any Given Sunday - Essay Example As Beaman starts growing to fame, aging Coach D'Amato and Rooney begin to question if Beaman is worth risking the rest of the season and their likelihood for the contest as he is tiresome to make the team succeed by himself (Gary Arnold. I, 2000, P 20). According to the cinematographic experts half as long as The Super Bowl, but two times as long as its substance warrants, Any Given Sunday arrives in theaters by all the bone crunching strength of a blind side late hit, apart from that you can see it coming a mile away. Oliver Stone's break team of editors rattles off shots like machine-gun fire. It's tender to watch at first, but it has its own beat. If you pay thought to only each third or fourth shot, the rest can wash over you and labor on a subconscious level. As a sensorial suggestion of football, Any Given Sunday very captures the inhuman effective conditions together on and off the field (George Arnold, 2000, P20). In this film Al Pacino played his role as Coach Tony D'Amato. His entity life is in shambles and so is his team. An old-guard coach, he still attaches a better sense to football beyond wins and losses.

Nozick is right and Rawls is wrong Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Nozick is right and Rawls is wrong - Essay Example The main agenda of the justice principle is to enhance fairness to society associated by conducts of injustices. The theory of economic injustice explains about the need to mitigate scarcity and altruistic desires affecting communities instead referring to fair choices that repel about societal ignorance by enhancing communal corporation and sorting to alternatives that can easily liberate from vices such as utilitarianism1. Despite Rawls’ theory of justice remaining popular for centuries, Nozick who drew a publication has brought similar claims that narrow to reconstruct societal injustices by emphasizing that status ultimately brings about bonding in social life. Nozick argues that Rawls theory was an intrinsic attempt to harmonize the situation of fairness amongst individuals who are constrained by factors of economic capitalism2. According to Nozick’s theory, he supports Rawls’ claim that injustice is mainly enhanced by difference in hierarchies where people who are rank least in the system withstand the worst of Marxist capitalism. While letting their argument to a similar perception, both Robert and Rawls have given clarification concerning societal injustices. Despite the fact that the two philosopher followed different directions while trying to clarify about the meaning of injustices, both arguably agreed that justice is a system where individuals should deliver performances on exactly what they are expected to tackle definite issues. Without indulging comprehensively into other sections of injustice system, Rawls clarifies injustice as a state of unfairness that is mainly attributed to when members of the society deviates from issues that necessitate rightful governing principles. However to achieve justice, the two philosophers have suggested that governing a society can be made better if the social, societal system is incorporated in the governmental structures3. Nozick’s theory though from distinct origin